Todorov is a Bulgarian/French historian, literature critic, philosopher and sociologist. In 1996 he created a theory which he believed to be able to be applied to any film. He was convinced that all films followed the same narrative pattern.
The following where the 5 stages of his theory:
- A state of equilibrium - where everything is as it should be
- A disruption of the equilibrium through an event in the film
- A recognition by the characters that there has been a disruption
- An attempt to repair the disruption
- A reinstatement of the equilibrium
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